Case Studies

Real disputes resolved by Kleros and analysis of system behavior

Kleros V2 Beta: Case #0

The very first dispute on Kleros V2 (on Arbitrum) was a Kleros Enterprise Consumer Dispute for Lemon, a leading Argentine fintech serving over 2 million users. This case was created during the V2 beta launch in November 2024, marking the transition from testnet to live disputes on Arbitrum.

View on Court →

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Curated List Disputes

The majority of Kleros disputes historically have involved Token Curated Registries (TCRs) challenges to submissions in curated lists. The “Doges on Trial” pilot in 2018 was the first live test, where participants submitted and challenged meme images to a curated registry.

Since then, TCR disputes have evolved to cover real-world use cases: token registry submissions, address tag accuracy challenges, and CDN content disputes through Scout and Curate.

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E-Commerce and Escrow Disputes

Kleros Escrow has resolved disputes between buyers and sellers over digital services, freelance work, and physical goods. These cases typically involve evidence such as screenshots of deliverables, communication records, and agreed-upon terms.

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Governance Disputes (Zodiac/SafeSnap)

Through the Reality.eth + Kleros integration, Kleros has served as the arbitration backstop for DAO governance execution. When a Snapshot proposal outcome is challenged on Reality.eth, Kleros jurors determine whether the proposed transactions match the governance vote.

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Research Analysis

The most comprehensive socio-legal case study of Kleros was published by Bergolla et al. in the Ohio State Journal on Dispute Resolution. It includes survey data from Kleros jurors and stakeholders, analysis of caseload composition, and assessment of adoption barriers.

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For verified access to specific case outcomes, dispute counts, or resolution statistics from the live court.

Check the Kleros Blog and the Court interface for the most current data.